» Every decision is a trade-off — deciding what not to do is just as important as deciding what to do

» A good product vision captures customer, user, value proposition and links to organisational objectives

» Interrogate your goals: “For this to happen, what must be true?”, then mark which are facts or assumptions

» Avoid jumping on the first idea — check what problem we think it solves, then ask, “How else could we do this?”

» When strategic frames grow rigid, companies, like nations, tend to keep fighting the last war

» If organisations (incorrectly) view change as gradual they will have resistance to the change

» The innovator’s dilemma: cater to current needs or attempt to anticipate future demands?

» Many common financial tools distort the value, importance, and likelihood of success of investments in innovation

» Every other team is allowed to be uncertain about the future — so should product

» There are different types of question for strategy, opportunities and interventions

» Avoid investments that are neither defense nor offense

» What people say and how they really feel can often vary

» Plans for the short and long term are often easier to define than those for the medium term (1-3 quarters)

» A North Star Metric is a leading indicator of sustainable growth

» It is the single metric that best captures the core value that your product delivers to customers

» The vision describes the future we are trying to create

» The strategy describes how we’ll make the vision a reality

» There are only 4 strategies after finding product-market fit

» Tesla subsidised more affordable car models with the revenue from their initial luxury roadster

» Storytelling helps to convince stakeholders to believe in your vision

» Change in your organisation may be inhibited by a small number of constraints

» Your product, your company is always part of a wider ecosystem

» A product strategy needs to be clear on what metrics to focus on and how to move them

» Finding product-market fit is the beginning, not the end